Dab tsi yog Carbon Txhuam & Carbon Txhuam Ua Haujlwm Txoj Cai

Cov txhuam hniav yog cov khoom siv me me heev. Txawm hais tias cov txhuam hniav me me, nws cov nqi yog qhov nyuaj los hloov. Cov pa roj carbon txhuam yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv ntau lub cav. Nws cov khoom tseem ceeb yog cov khoom siv carbon, uas muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab siv los xa cov khoom tam sim no mus rau cov khoom uas xav tau kev hloov pauv.

Cov txhuam hniav ntxov tshaj plaws tau tsim los ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb Askiv Askiv Joseph Wilson Swan hauv xyoo 1867. Nrog rau kev txhim kho cov tshuab hluav taws xob thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob, cov txhuam hniav maj mam tau siv dav.

Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th thiab pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, cov pa roj carbon txhuam tau siv ntau yam kev siv. Hauv ntau hom kev lag luam thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev, kev siv ntawmcarbon txhuamtso cai rau cov cuab yeej no xa mus rau tam sim no thiab ua tiav hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob thiab kev txav mus los.

Qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov txhuam hniav tsis raug kho. Qee qhov tsuas yog txhuam cov pa roj carbon monoxide xwb, qee qhov yog cov txhuam hniav thiab cov xov hlau, qee qhov yog cov txhuam hniav, cov hlau txuas, qee qhov yog cov txhuam hniav, cov hlau, cov hlua, cov hlau txuas, thiab qee qhov yog cov txhuam hniav, cov txhuam hniav hlau / yas txhuam hniav. Tab sis nws qhov tseem ceeb yog lub taub hau txhuam carbon, uas feem ntau nthuav tawm hauv cov duab plaub.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txhuam hniav yog feem ntau yog los ntawm kev xa tawm lub zog los yog cov teeb liab ntawm qhov chaw ruaj khov thiab cov rotating ib feem ntawm rotating machinery xws li motors lossis generators.
Covcarbon txhuamyog ntxiv rau sab nraud tam sim no (excitation tam sim no) rau lub rotating rotor los ntawm cov pa roj carbon txhuam (input tam sim no); los qhia txog tus nqi zoo li qub ntawm cov ncej loj rau hauv lub ntiaj teb los ntawm cov pa roj carbon txhuam (grounding carbon txhuam) (tso tawm tam sim no); mus rau Cov ncej loj (hauv av) yog coj mus rau cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv hauv av ntawm lub rotor thiab ntsuas qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub rotor rau hauv av; hloov cov kev taw qhia ntawm tam sim no (nyob rau hauv commutator motors, cov txhuam hniav kuj ua lub luag hauj lwm commutation).

Ntuj Graphite

Ntuj graphite yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm cov txhuam hniav no. Lub binder yog ua los ntawm asphalt los yog cob, uas yog ci los yog sintered ntawm 1000 degrees. Hom lub cev muaj zog muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo lubrication thiab kev ua haujlwm tam sim no. Feem ntau ntawm lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv lub collector rings ntawm me me thiab nruab nrab DC motors thiab high-speed turbine generators uas khiav smoothly.

Hlau Graphite

Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm hom txhuam hniav no yog electrolytic tooj liab thiab graphite. Nyob ntawm qhov xav tau, lwm yam hlau xws li nyiaj hmoov (siv hauv cov cuab yeej precision thiab kim heev), txhuas hmoov, hmoov txhuas, thiab lwm yam yog qee zaum siv. Nws yog tsim rau cov motors uas tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob nrog cov khoom siv siab thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg (xws li lub tsheb pib lub cev muaj zog, thiab lwm yam).

Electrochemical Graphite

Cov khoom tseem ceeb yog cov khoom siv roj carbon ntau xws li carbon dub, coke thiab graphite, uas tau hloov mus rau hauv microcrystalline dag graphite tom qab kev kho kub kub ntawm 2500 degrees. Hom txhuam hniav no muaj kev sib hloov zoo heev thiab nws tus kheej-lubricating zog, thiab yog dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam AC thiab DC motors.

Carbon txhuamua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv brushed DC motors. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov txhuam hniav yog xa mus rau tam sim no. Thaum lub tshuab txhuam DC lub cev muaj zog, qhov tam sim no nkag mus rau hauv stator los ntawm lub hwj huam mov thiab xa mus rau lub kauj ntawm lub rotor los ntawm cov txhuam hniav. Cov txhuam hniav sib cuag nrog lub rotor rotor qhia tam sim no rau hauv lub kauj, yog li tsim ib qho chaw sib nqus, uas cuam tshuam nrog cov hlau nplaum ntawm lub stator kom thawb lub rotor tig.
Thiab cov pa roj carbon txhuam kuj muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev txhim kho cov nplaim taws. Sparks thiab arcs tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev sib kis thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm tam sim no. Cov khoom siv graphite ntau yam siv hauv cov txhuam hniav muaj cov hluav taws xob zoo thiab hnav tsis kam, uas tuaj yeem txo cov pa taws thiab arcs hauv lub cev muaj zog.

Thaum hloov cov txhuam hniav, cov khoom xws li hnav, ntev, thiab cov duab yuav tsum tau xav txog. Raws li lub sij hawm siv ntawm lub cev muaj zog nce, kev sib txhuam ntawm cov pa roj carbon txhuam thiab rotor yuav ua rau qee qhov kev hnav ntawm cov txhuam hniav. Kev hnav ntawm cov txhuam hniav yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub cev muaj zog.
Feem ntau hais lus, thaum cov txhuam hniav tshwm: Nws yuav tsum tau hloov thaum:

1. Kev hnav hnyav (tsawg dua 1/3 ntawm qhov qub ntev);
2. Kev puas tsuaj loj;
3. Qhov chaw sib cuag ntawm cov pa roj carbon txhuam thiab lub nplhaib plam yog tsawg dua 70%, yog li cov txhuam hniav yuav tsum tau hloov nrog ib qho tshiab. Yog tias qhov ntev ntawm cov pa roj carbon txhuam yog tias luv luv, lub rotor yuav tsis tuaj yeem siv tau, uas yuav ua rau cov dej ntws tsis zoo thiab cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev muaj zog.
Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias cov txhuam hniav txhuam tau tawg lossis deformed, kev sib cuag tsis zoo yuav tshwm sim, thiab cov txhuam hniav yuav tsum tau hloov nrog ib qho tshiab. Cov xwm txheej sib txawv ntawm daim ntawv thov thiab zaus ntawm kev siv yuav cuam tshuam qhov zaus ntawm cov pa roj carbon txhuam hloov. Yog tias qhov tam sim no tsis ruaj khov lossis lub suab nrov txawv txav tshwm sim thaum siv cov khoom siv, nws kuj yuav yog lub teeb liab rauhloov cov txhuam hniav.